Mortes evitáveis por tuberculose em residentes no município de Fortaleza no período de 2006 a 2013

Abstract

This study analyzed the epidemiological profile of TB deaths occurred in Fortaleza from 2006 to 2013. According to the records found in the Mortality Information System (SIM) in that period, 449 deaths had tuberculosis as the underlying cause or associated with other health problems. Using the search tool Death Investigation Sheet for Tuberculosis, visits were made to 266 households. The study conducted was of the documentary, exploratory, descriptive and retrospective type. The following results were observed: the highest concentration of deaths occurred in the age group between 15 and 54 years old, predominantly males of almost all ages and the average age was 54.2 years old. The family income reported ranged between the Bolsa Família and the minimum wage in 69.6% of the subjects investigated. With respect to housing, 59% had no proper ventilation, 50.7% did not have filters and 22% had no sewage. The presence of hypertension was 23.6%, pneumonia 11.8%, heart disease 11.8%, COPD 10.5%, diabetes 9.7%, AIDS 7.7%, asthma 7.6% and neoplasia in 6.7%. Regarding daily habits, we observed that 45.1% were alcoholics, 44.3% were smokers and 16.7% were drug users. Regarding the signs and symptoms, 81.9% had weight loss, 81% had dyspnea, 79.4% malaise, 75.2% cough, 73.7% had cachexia disease and 72.2% fever. Of the 266 deaths investigated, 43.2% of the patients were not reported to SINAN and 60.3% of the contacts were not examined. The study found that 54.2% lived with four or more people. Regarding the place of death, we found that 68.1% died in the hospital while 26.5% of deaths occurred in the household. A link to the lack of information, underreporting and no notification was observed. The implementation of public policies, reflection and confrontation of social determinants that lead to vulnerability and increase the risk of disease of the population is recommended.