Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes hemofílicos atendidos no centro de hematologia e hemoterapia do Piauí- HEMOPI

Abstract

Hemophilia A or B is a recessive disease linked to the X chromosome that results from deficiency of blood coagulation factors VIII or IX, respectively, resulting of acquired or hereditary factors. This disease is characterized by causing spontaneous mucocutaneous bleeding, as well as the joints, we muscles, system gastrointestinal and central nervous system, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Like other chronic diseases, the treatment of hemophilia is costly, especially when patients are treated prophylactically. Because it is a disease whose treatment is very expensive, in addition to adverse effects and related complications, especially when patients develop inhibitors against factors which they are administered. In view of its many complications and the clinical significance of the disease, tis thought to classify hemophiliacs about the disease type (A or B) get social demographics of this population in terms of race, age, sex and region of origin. For this, the medical records of 180 patients treated at Hemopi were analyzed, the period from January 2011 to July 2014. The results of this study show that most of the patients studied were mulatto (42%), distributed in hemophilia A (161) and B (19). The degree of severity prevalent in each group were mild (53%) and severe (53%) for hemophilia A and B, respectively. The patients are mostly resided of the Mid-North macro-region of Piauí State (56%). Among the studied hemophiliacs, only 17 had some type of joint involvement, with blood type O + as found (29%). The positivity for the inhibitor against factor VIII (23 patients) showed up mostly in severe hemophilia A. The viral coinfection appeared in 3 of the 13 positive individuals’ viral infections, namely HBV and HCV (15%) and HCV and HIV (8%). Thus, it is concluded that hemophiliacs treated at HEMOPI system are characterized (in dominance by category) by individuals of mixed ethnicity, pardos blood type O +, with the disease classification mild hemophilia A, aged between 20 and 30 years, living mostly in the macro-region Mid-North State.