Estudo do potencial químico-farmacológico de metabólitos secundários de fungos da Costa Cearense: Aspergillus niger.

Abstract

EtOAc extract from the BRF074 strain (Aspergillus niger), cultivated in BD medium and isolated from sediments collected on Pecém beach (CE), showed high cytotoxic activity (77%, IC50 0,95) against the cancer cell line HCT-116 (colon). Thus, a bioguided study aiming the optimization of the culturing conditions of A. niger was conducted in which four different culture media were evaluated: PD (potato, dextrose), PDY (potato, dextrose and yeast), MPD (malt, peptone and dextrose) and MntPY (mannitol, peptone and yeast), in four growth periods: 07, 14, 21 and 28 days. From the cultive of A. niger in BD culture medium during 28 days, seven secondary metabolites were isolated: cyclo(4-hydroxy-L-Pro-L-Leu), cyclo(4-hydroxy-L-Pro-L-Phe), cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu), cyclo(L-Pro-L-Phe), pseurotin D, pseurotin A and chlovalicin. The BDL culture medium (14 days) led to the isolation of the diketopiperazine cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) and cyclopeptides malformin A and malformin C, whereas the MPD medium for 7 days provided a new compound, an ester furanic first report in the literature. Malformins A and C and the new compound were active against the cancer cell line HCT-116. A quantitative method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated for the quantification of these cytotoxic metabolites in different nutritional media and growth periods. This method reveal that in the BDL medium, within 21 and 28 days, greater amounts of malformin A and C were produced, whereas the furanic ester was produced in higher levels in the MPD medium with 28 days. In parallel, an epigenetic study was performed using SAHA as reagent and the fungus strain LG0949. This experiment led to the isolation of the compounds phomalactone, dihydrophomalactone and acetophomalactone, acetanilide and a dimer of the SAHA. Isolation of the secondary metabolites was conducted using C18 reverse phase chromatography using a solid phase extraction cartridge and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structural characterization was done using spectrometric techniques such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) and infrared, in addition to comparison with literature data.