Ensino religioso entre catequese e ciências da religião: uma avaliação comparativa da formação dos professores do ensino religioso no Brasil e da aprendizagem interreligiosa na Alemanha em busca de um ensino religioso interteológico e interdisciplinar

Abstract

Object of this research is the Religious Education [RE] and formation of teachers in Brazil and Germany. It was aimed to evaluate the inter-religious education and formation for their teachers in Brazil and to compare it with the conception of inter-religious learning in German RE. Following hermeneutic methodology, this thesis is structured according to triple-step-method (see-judge-act). To that corresponds the three main parts each one having two chapters. In the first part the socio-cultural, legal and epistemological context of RE in Brazil are analyzed. Therefore a positive concept of postmodernity is adopted, not as “after modernity” or even “anti-modernity”. In the mean of a radicalized critique towards modern rationality a continuing dialectic between modernity and post modernity is assumed. The analysis of the epistemological context of RE leads to the conclusion that RE based on Religious Sciences with its claims of scientific neutrality is inserted in a modern concept and does not seem able to prepare students for an appropriate reading of the postmodern religious phenomenon. Therefore decision was taken for a new RE designated here as “intertheological”, however, essentially inter-religious and inter-disciplinary. In order to his realization the formation of a colleague council composed of members of different religious traditions and representatives of various disciplines in Religious Sciences is suggested. The second part of the study evaluates the formation of RE teachers in Fortaleza comparing it with the conception of inter-religious learning in Germany. It is concluded that the formation of RE teachers in Fortaleza meets the requirements of a good formation of teachers in general, but with gaps in relation to the aspects of inter-religious and inter-disciplinary education. In consequence of this ascertainment a theoretical basis as well as a curricular mold for the formation of RE teachers that assumes decidedly the insights of postmodernity, drawing on metaphors of network knowledge, of rhizome, of spiral, of game and of open system is drawn up in the third part of that thesis. The result is a curricular model in form of a network that bypasses the initial proposal for an inter-theological, inter-religious and inter-disciplinary RE. Such RE has to be organized by a colleague council composed of members of different religious traditions and Religious Sciences as they are being present and influential in multireligious Brazilian scenarios.