A concentração de mercado e a sobrevivência das pequenas redes de auto-serviço no Brasil: o caso de Fortaleza. Análises e propostas

Abstract

This work searchs to analyze the Brazilian supermercadista that is inserted, and if it constitutes in the segment most representative of the sector of auto-service in the current days. The importance of this study must it the fact of that the supermarkets can be found in the diverse economies spread for the world. In Brazil it could not be different, given the standard and the similar characteristics of this sector with the one of the different countries, we will search to inside understand its similarities and forms of performance of the established global standard. Our analysis if concentrates in the period after real plan, in 1994, therefore evidences exist of that after this period had a entered greater of foreign supermercadistas nets. This work searchs to find the main occured changes in the Brazilian supermercadista sector analyzing the effect on the consumers and suppliers due to the increase of the foreign companies through processes of merger and acquisitions occurred in the end of the decade of 1990. As the foreigners had detected that very difficult and she would be delayed to grow organicly, they had passed, then to buy and if to associate with the local nets, generating a change in the structure and the concentration of these markets. It is initiated, then, an acute phase of concentration of the market where the national nets in its majority pass of some form to have participation of the foreigners in its shareholding composition. The foreigners bring obtain, beyond high investments in such a way for the purchase of competitors as for new investments, new forms of work, in special in regards to its operation where if he bases on a strong apparatus of logistic and the negotiations with the suppliers where they use its size, and for consequence, power to pressure the suppliers. On the other hand to the acquisitions and fusing made for the foreigners, they had started to appear new local nets established by the old proprietors of the vendidas nets then that now, beyond much experience in the branch, they have the capital that they had received for the sales of its nets. In $fortaleza, the international nets enter in the market through the fusing or acquisitions of national nets and that it has performance in the city (CBD and BOMPREÇO). The local nets pass for some transformations, some being also vendidas for these bigger nets. While some diminish its performance or until they leave the market, others take body and if they associate starting to also have force with the suppliers and obtaining to not only act in the peripheral areas, but, in the city as a whole. As consequence, small the e average nets had started to take an important slice of the market for diverse reasons, in special, due to informality with that they work.