Avaliação da drenagem superficial em pista de pouso e decolagem por meio de processamento digital de imagens

Abstract

The assessment of adherence on wet runway involves, among many factors, surface texture characteristics that are responsible for improving the water’s flow capacity in the tire’s contact area with the pavement. As pavement conditions may determine the occurrence of hydroplaning or unacceptable loss of aircraft capacity, or which can cause a lack of control of the aircraft’s direction, being a grip on the tire-pavement system a major factor in the occurrence of this situation. The methodologies defined for surface drainage evaluation demonstrate inefficient and unreliable, due to human intervention in the test. On the other hand, the development of new technologies enables the use of smartphone applications that collect and analyze captured data and images and thus provide more agile statistics through techniques such as Digital Image Processing (DIP). In this sense, the present work aims to present an analysis of the surface runoff of rainwater with evaluation of the texture of runway of aerodromes the DIP. The field study was conducted at Catuleve Aerodrome, located in the city of Aquiraz, in the state of Ceará, through the standardized Sand Patch test in two types of surface pavements, Hot Mix Asphalt and Micro Cold Mix Asphalt Surfacing, in a order to search for correlations between the three image processing methodologies presented. The first method analyzed the number of white pixels present in the images by a code developed in the Matlab R2017a. In the second moment, the pixel counting method was applied by the software QGIS 2.18 with grass. Finally, the Fourier Transform was applied to analyze the differences in luminance between pixels. With satisfactory success rates, it was concluded that the pixel counting method proved to be the most efficient for analyzing the macrotexture in situations in which there is a water slide on the pavement. And when applied it achieves results of drained percentage of liquid in line with the macrotexture classification of airport pavements.