Ludicidade e artes visuais com materiais recicláveis na Educação Infantil

Abstract

This is an educational research based on arts, whose theme is the use of playfulness and visual arts with recyclable materials in Early Childhood Education. The guiding question of this study is: what types of experiences can we provide to children in Early Childhood Education when working on building toys with recyclable materials? In the search for plausible answers, the general objective is to explore the playful and pedagogical possibilities of art with PET bottles for children aged four and five in Early Childhood Education at the Maria de Jesus Oriá Municipal School of Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education. Our theoretical framework includes the writings of Vygotsky (2009) on experience and learning; Ferraz and Fuzari (1999) on the importance of art education in schools; Barbosa (2010) on the use of the Triangular Approach in teaching art; the National Common Curricular Base, with regard to Early Childhood Education and its normative issue; and Benjamin (2004) and Tizuko (2005) regarding the importance of toys, play and playfulness in Early Childhood Education. As methodological contributions, we have Barbosa (2010) regarding the use of his Triangular Approach, important for the organization and planning of experiences in the children's context; Oliveira and Charreu (2016) regarding Art-Based Educational Research; and Minayo (2009) regarding the qualitative approach of this study. Regarding data production, we used photographic records, notes in a field diary and video capture of the contextualization, enjoyment and production stages, as well as the exhibition of the constructed objects and the activities carried out. The research showed that, by integrating art and playfulness, we create opportunities for children to develop motor and socio-emotional skills. In addition, the experience revealed that the use of recyclable materials favored experimentation, stimulating reflections on the reuse of materials. The creation of toys with these materials raised environmental awareness and strengthened children's leadership, as children realized they were capable of transforming PET bottles into playful and meaningful objects. In this way, art and playfulness intertwine, providing a pleasurable environment for artistic experiences in Early Childhood Education.