Validação da versão em português brasileiro da ferramenta de triagem de sintomas pré-menstruais e associação entre sintomas disfóricos pré-menstruais, temperamentos afetivos e qualidade de vida em uma amostra de mulheres brasileiras

Abstract

The dysphoric disorder Premenstrual (PMDD) affects about three to eight percent of women of childbearing age. Such a frame is characterized by a myriad of psychological manifestations (sadness, irritability, tearfulness, etc.) and physical (joint pain, swelling, breast tenderness etc.). The PMDD generates enormous suffering to women who have this condition, causing dysfunction at work, interpersonal relations and impaired quality of life. The symptoms are cyclical and comes in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, disappearing after the onset of menstruation. affective temperaments are considered subclinical manifestations and forerunners of affective disorders. In this work, we sought to validate the Symptom Screening Tool Pre-Menstrual (PSST), and verify that different affective temperaments and emotional dimensions were associated with a positive screening for PMDD in a sample of Brazilian women and how the severity of these symptoms independently could impact the quality of life on this sample. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study in universities of Ceará [Federal University of Ceará - UFC, University Center Christus - Unichristus and University of Fortaleza - UNIFOR and the University Hospital Walter Cantídio (HUWC) with students university students, teachers and health professionals, resulting in a sample of 801 women. This sample was studied by the PSST, an instrument for affective and emotional temperaments (AFECTS), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms (BAI) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Exclusion criteria were as follows: (i) refusal to participate; (Ii) use of psychotropic medication in the past two months; (Iii) not be having periods (for example, be pregnant or in menopause) and (iv) volunteers aged under 18 or over 55 years. The work was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the UFC. The Brazilian version of the PSST showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and adequate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.867). The instrument also showed adequate convergent validity / discriminant without redundancy, verified by moderate correlations between the scores of PSST with depressive and anxiety symptoms. The content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were 0.61 and 0.94, respectively, indicating good content validity. These findings suggest that the PSST is a valid and reliable instrument for the screening of PMS / PMDD in Brazilian women. The cyclothymic temperament was associated independently with PMDD (OR = 4.57; 95% CI: 2.11 to 9.90), while the euthymic temperament had an independent protective effect (OR = 0.28; 95% CI : 0.12 to 0.64). Moreover, anger and sensitivity emerged as emotional dimensions significantly associated with PMDD. Finally, a positive screening for PMS / PMDD has been associated with a negative impact on quality of life. These results need to be confirmed in prospective studies, and may have implications for the psychopathological understanding and treatment of PMDD.