Polissacarídeos sulfatados de rodofícea Hypnea musciformis como aditivos em apresuntados de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) e análise de estocagem sob refrigeração

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the application of k-carrageenan of the red seaweed Hypnea musciformis in avocado-type by-products made from Nile tilapia fillets (Oreochoromis niloticus) during 90 days of refrigerated storage. The sulfate polysaccharides (PST) were obtained by refining aqueous extraction (25 and 80° C) and characterized by yield, carbohydrate (CT), free sulfate (SL), contaminating proteins (PCs), infrared spectroscopy , antioxidant activity in vitro, and in vivo toxicity. The PST yield was 36.82 ± 6.56%, CT (77.39 ± 0.012%) and SL (15.66 ± 0.33%). FT-IR showed strong bands for galactose-4-sulfate at 845 to 846 cm -1; 3,6-anhydro-d-galactose at 929 to 930 cm -1 and sulfate ester (S) at 1.230 to 1.260, a possible characteristic of k-carrageenan. The antioxidant action was verified by the methods of DPPH, ferrous ion chelation and total antioxidant capacity, whose results presented, respectively, 57.87%; 67.67% and 59.36% for dilution of 4mg.mL-1 in relation to the BHT and EDTA standards. The toxicological assay was performed in groups (n = 8) of male rats that received PST (100mg.kg-1) and saline (NaCl; 0.15M) for 14 consecutive days. The animals were tolerant to PST, without significant alterations in the parameters evaluated of PST, orally. The starch formulations were divided into groups: CONT (2% starch), APR1 (1% PST), APR2 (3% PST) and APR3 (1% starch and 1% PST). In the evaluation of the presented physicochemical and microbiological analyzes during 90 days of storage. The centesimal composition of the groups showed variation for proteins from 5.29 to 11.94%; humidity 69.02 to 82.77%; lipids 1.27 to 2.98% and carbohydrates 1.62 to 5.35%. pH was stable up to 30 days of storage and TBARS values were favorable up to 60 days of storage CONT (1.72mg MDA.kg-1), APR1 (1.87mg MDA.kg-1), APR3 (1.50mg MDA.kg-1). The water activity (Aw) was high, in the range of 0.96 to 0.98 and the color of the samples did not present p <0.05 significance between the groups. The results of thermotolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus sp and Salmonella presented values within the limits established in the current legislation. And the psychrotrophs were on the limit until the 60th day of storage, except APR2 that presented a value above the acceptable limit (2.13 x 105 CFU.g-1).