Perfil epidemiológico e prevalência do traumatismo dentário em escolares do município de Fortaleza-Ce

Abstract

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) is considered, by the World Health Organization (WHO), a public health issue of high prevalence that creates a negative impact on the quality of life related to children's/teenagers' and relatives' oral health, whom deal with biological, socio- economic, psychological and behavioral effects. The present study's purpose is to establish the frequence and epidemiological profile of dental trauma in students that belong to the age group of twelve years old in the city of Fortaleza. It's a descriptve, transversal and observational study. The sample is composed of 1505 students, 712 males and 793 females, distributed among six Health Regional Coordinations (HRC). The exams were made in public and private schools through exam files that were adapted from SB Brazil 2010 Project, which contains the indicator of oral health for dental trauma. The data were analysed through the statistical program SPSS. Results show that, out of 1505 examined students, 157 presented traumatic dental injury (10,4%). Males were the most affected (11,1%), however, there was not a significant statistical discrepancy between genders. Enamel fractures were the most frequent with 8,6% of the cases, followed by enamel and dentin fractures (2,4%). The loss due to trauma represented only 1% of the cases. Despite the confirmation of decrease in frequency of traumatic injuries at the age of twelve years old, the continuity of epidemiological studies is required for control and management of social and public policies or interventions.