Marcas linguísticas da interpretação psicanalítica: heterogeneidades enunciativas e construção da referência

Abstract

The main goal of this study is to analyze the linguistic marks of the Other in the discourse thread through the interpretative process. The criteria used are the heterogeneities, such as defined by Authier-Revuz (1982) as constitutive and shown. According to the author, the shown heterogeneity can be marked and unmarked. I discuss the scheme proposed by the author, with the aim of rethinking the discretization of the modalities of constitutive heterogeneity, i.e., constitutive in opposition to shown heterogeneity, including phenomena, which are not strictly formal among the facts of language taken as unmarked, as it is the case of the unconscious leaks through the discursive thread. To argue in favor of this “opening” to another discourse scene we resort to referentiation processes. Those can act as efficient discourse markers with no need of formal indicators (according to AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1982). By an analyzes of the signifying chain we intend not only to investigate the construction of meanings, as stated in LACAN (1990), but also and necessarily the construction of referents. From the psychoanalytic point of view there are always linguistic marks, even if they are diversified, because the “marks” are not, or are not just, those the utterer realizes or supposes to realize, they can also reveal themselves in a gap in the speech or in an hesitation. Interactions in the new forms of communication emerged from the electronic media, such as the chats, were used as a collection of examples. Hence the importance of analyzing the elaboration of referents, since they serve to construct the various meanings of a text. We argue that the referent presents clues, which are plausible enough to reach the marks of heterogeneities in the speech of the subject.